CHAPTER XI
§ 161. 1.
Personal.
|
Sing. |
Plur. |
Nom. |
ih, I |
wir |
Acc. |
mih |
unsih |
Gen. |
mīn |
unsēr |
Dat. |
mir |
uns. |
|
Sing. |
Plur. |
Nom. |
dū, du, thou |
ir |
Acc. |
dih |
iuwih |
Gen. |
dīn |
iuwēr |
Dat. |
dir |
iu |
|
Sing. |
||
Nom. |
ėr, he |
i, it, there |
siu; sī, si, she |
Acc. |
inan, in |
i |
sia (sie) |
Gen. |
(sīn) |
is, ės |
ira (iru, -o) |
Dat. |
imu, imo |
imu, imo |
imu, imo |
|
Plur. |
||
Nom. |
sie |
siu |
sio |
Acc. |
sie |
siu |
sio |
Gen. |
iro |
iro |
iro |
Dat. |
im, in |
im, in |
im, in |
Note.l. ih and dū were often attached enclitically to the verb, especially in poetry, as gibuh=gibu ih, findistu findis dū. The forms iuwih, iuwēr were mostly written iuuih, iuuēr, sometimes also iuih, iuēr.
2. Beside ēr (= Latin and Gothic is, he) appear in some Franconian monuments the forms hēr, hē (OE. hē, he, he).
3. Beside the accented forms man, imo, iro, sia, sie, sio occur the unaccented forms nan, mo, ro, sa, se, so.
4. ėr, i, ės, in were sometimes attached enclitically to a preceding word, as giloubt-ėr.giloubta ėr; imos=imo ės, &c.
§162. 2. Reflexive.
|
Sing. |
Plur. |
Acc. |
sih, oneself |
sih |
Gen. |
sīn (ira) |
(iro) |
Dat. |
(imu, iru) |
(im) |
§ 163. The possessive pronouns of the first and second persons were formed from the gen. case of the corresponding personal pronouns, thus, mīn, my, dīn, thy, unsēr, our, iuwēr, your. The masc. and neut. sg. were expressed by the reflexive form sīn, his, its; the fern. sg. by ira, her, lit. of her, and the plural, all genders, by iro, their, lit. of them.
They were declined according to the strong declension, § 137.
Masc. Neut. Fem.
Nom. mīnēr mīna mīniu
unserēr unsera unseriu.
Note.Beside unserēr, iuwerēr the forms unsarēr, iawarēr sometimes occur.
§ 164. unsēr and iuwēr have also shortened inflected forms in Franconian :
Masc. Neut. Fem.
Sing. Nom. unsēr unsa unsu
Acc. unsan unsa unsa
Gen. unses unses unsera
Dat. unsemo unsemo unseru
Plur. Nom. unse unsu unso
&c. &c. &c.
§ 165. The simple demonstrative thėr, dėr was employed both as definite article and relative pronoun.
|
Sing. |
||
|
Masc. |
Neut. |
Fem. |
Nom. |
dėr |
da |
diu |
Acc. |
dėn |
da |
dea, dia (die) |
Gen. |
dės |
dės |
dėra, (dėru, -o) |
Dat. |
dėmu, demo |
dėmu, demo |
dėru, -o |
|
Plur. |
||
Nom. Acc. |
dē, dea, dia, die |
diu, (dei) |
deo, dio |
Gen. |
dėro |
dėro |
dėro |
Dat. |
dēm, dēn |
dēm, dēn |
dēm, dēn |
Note.1. The Franconian dialects have mostly the unshifted forms thēr, tha, thiu, &c.
2. Beside the nom. form thēr occurs also thie (thē) in Tatian.
3. Beside the nom., acc. fem. pl. thio occur in Franconian also thie, rarely thia.
4. dėr, &c., when used as a rel. pronoun, frequently had contracted forms, especially in poetry, as theih from *tha ih = tha ih, thiuns = thiu uns, zēn = zi thēn.
§ 166. The compound demonstrative pronoun is declined
thus:
|
Sing. |
||
|
Masc. |
Neut. |
Fem. |
Nom. |
dėse, dėsēr, this |
diz |
dėsiu, disiu (thisu) |
Acc. |
dėsan |
diz |
dėsa |
Gen. |
dėsses |
dėsses |
dėsera |
Dat. |
dėsemu, dėsemo |
dėsemu, dėsemo |
dėseru |
Instr. |
|
dėsiu, dėsu disiu, disu |
|
|
Plur. |
||
Nom. Acc. |
dėse |
dėsiu, disiu (thisu) |
dėso |
Gen. |
dėsero |
dėsero |
dėsero |
Dat. |
dėsēm, -en |
dėsēm, -en |
dėsēm |
Note.The nom. sg. masc. is thėrēr in Otfrid. The gen. sg. fem. is thėrera in Otfrid, and thėrra (thėrro) in Tatian ; dat. fem. sg. tbėreru in Otfrid, and thėrru (thėrro, thėrra) in Tatian ; gen. pl. thėrero in Otfrid, and thėrero (thėrro) in Tatian.
§ 167. jenēr, that, yon, mostly written genēr, is declined like a strong adjective, § 137.
sėlb, self, ipse, may follow either the strong or the weak declension. Combined with the def. art., it signifies same, and always follows the weak declension.
§ 168. A relative pronoun proper did not exist in OHG., its place was supplied by the demonstrative dėr, da, diu.
§ 169. The OHG. simple interrogative
pronoun had no independent form for the feminine, and was declined in the
singular only.
|
Sing. |
|
|
Masc. Fem. |
Neut. |
Nom. |
hwėr, wėr, who |
hwa, wa, what |
Acc. |
hwėnan, wėnan, wėn |
hwa, wa |
Gen. |
hews, wės |
hwės, wės |
Dat. |
hwėmu, wėmo |
hwėmu, wėmo |
Instr. |
|
hwiu, wiu |
Note.l. The initial h was dropped from the beginning of the ninth century.
2. For the instr. wiu the form hiu is also found.
3. A noun following wėr was put in the gen., as wėr manno, which man, lit. who of men.
§ 170. hwėdar, wėdar, which of two, hwėlīh, wėlīh, which, hweolīh, of what sort, and solīh, such, were declined like strong adjectives, § 137.
§ 171. sum, sumilīh, sumalīh, a certain one, some one, declined like a strong adjective.
ein, one, einig, eining (in negative sentences any, any one), declined like a strong adjective.
wėr, whoever, sō wėr sō, whosoever, ėtewėr, any one.
thėhein, dėhein, any one, any ; in negative sentences no one, no, none.
man, one, eoman, ioman, somebody, neoman, nioman, nobody.
nihein, nihhein; nohein, nohhein, no, none.
wiht, eowiht, iowiht, anything; neowiht, niowiht, nothing.
gilīh, like (with a noun in the gen.=each), manno gilīh, each man; wėlīh, giwėlīh, eogiwėlīh, iogiwėlīh, each.